The recent announcement by state governors to remove the remaining subsidies on electricity tariffs is poised to exacerbate an already dire situation for businesses and households across the country. This move follows a significant federal tariff hike in April, which saw Band A electricity consumers facing a more than 200 percent increase. This previous increase has already led to widespread business closures, higher inflation, and an intensified cost of living crisis. The decision by the governors to further remove subsidies will likely deepen these economic woes, making life even more difficult for ordinary Nigerians and businesses alike.
Economic Impact
The removal of electricity subsidies will directly impact the cost of production for businesses, particularly in the manufacturing sector. The Organised Private Sector in Nigeria (OPSN) has already warned that over 65 percent of businesses might shut down due to the previous tariff hike. With another increase on the horizon, the competitiveness of Nigerian products in both local and international markets will be severely undermined. High electricity costs, coupled with inadequate supply, create an environment where businesses struggle to survive, let alone thrive.
Impact on Essential Services
The healthcare sector is one of the most critical areas where the impact of increased electricity tariffs is profoundly felt. Teaching hospitals across Nigeria have reported significant increases in their electricity bills, with some institutions experiencing a fourfold rise. For instance, the University College Hospital (UCH) in Ibadan, already burdened by debt, now faces monthly electricity bills of up to N75 million. These costs are unsustainable for public hospitals, leading to potential service interruptions and compromised patient care.
Household Strain
For average Nigerian households, the removal of subsidies will further stretch already thin budgets. High electricity costs contribute to an overall increase in living expenses, as prices for goods and services rise in response to higher production costs. This financial strain is particularly severe in a country where many people live on modest incomes and already struggle with inflation and economic instability.
Alternative Paths Forward
To mitigate the negative consequences of removing electricity subsidies, several alternative strategies should be considered:
1. Gradual Removal with Safeguards: Instead of an abrupt removal, subsidies could be phased out gradually, allowing businesses and households time to adjust. Concurrently, targeted subsidies should be maintained for essential sectors like healthcare and for the most vulnerable populations.
2. Investment in Renewable Energy: Expanding investment in renewable energy sources such as solar and wind can help reduce dependency on the national grid and lower electricity costs in the long run. Hospitals and other critical infrastructure should be prioritised for such investments.
3. Improving Efficiency and Transparency: Conducting a comprehensive cost-of-service analysis for each state can help in setting fair tariffs. Additionally, ensuring transparency in the application of subsidies and investments can prevent misuse and ensure that the benefits reach the intended recipients.
4. Enhancing Power Supply Reliability: Efforts should be intensified to improve the reliability and distribution of power. This includes upgrading existing infrastructure and encouraging private sector investment in power generation and distribution.
5. Economic Diversification and Support for Businesses: Providing support for businesses to diversify their energy sources and improve efficiency can mitigate the impact of high electricity costs. This could include financial incentives for adopting energy-efficient technologies and practices.
6. Policy Collaboration: A collaborative framework between the federal government and state governments is essential. This partnership can help manage subsidies more effectively and ensure that state-level electricity markets develop in a sustainable and equitable manner.
In conclusion, while the removal of electricity subsidies might be seen as a step towards a more efficient power sector, the immediate economic and social costs could be devastating. By adopting a more measured and strategic approach, the Nigerian government can avoid further exacerbating the economic hardships faced by its citizens and ensure a more stable and prosperous future.
