The Federal Government says it has removed Value Added Tax (VAT) on diesel, cooking gas, among others.

Minister of Finance and Coordinating Minister of the Economy, Wale Edun, disclosed this while unveiling two major fiscal incentives, on Wednesday.

A statement by the Director, Information and Public Relations at the Ministry of Finance, Mohammed Manga, said the incentives are aimed at revitalising Nigeria’s oil and gas sector.

The incentives include value-added tax (VAT) modification order 2024 and notice of tax incentives for deep offshore oil and gas production, in accordance with the Oil and Gas Companies (tax incentives, exemption, remission, etc.) Order 2024.

The statement said: “The VAT Modification Order 2024 introduces exemptions on a range of key energy products and infrastructure, including Diesel, Feed Gas, Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG), Compressed Natural Gas (CNG), Electric Vehicles, Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) infrastructure, and Clean Cooking Equipment. These measures are designed to lower the cost of living, bolster energy security, and accelerate Nigeria’s transition to cleaner energy sources.

“In addition, the Notice of Tax Incentives for Deep Offshore Oil & Gas Production provides new tax reliefs for deep offshore projects. This initiative is aimed at positioning Nigeria’s deep offshore basin as a premier destination for global oil and gas investments.

“These reforms are part of a broader series of investment-driven policy initiatives championed by His Excellency, President Bola Ahmed Tinubu, in line with Policy Directives 40-42. They reflect the administration’s strong commitment to fostering sustainable growth in the energy sector and enhancing Nigeria’s global competitiveness in oil and gas production.”

Manga added: “With these bold initiatives, Nigeria is firmly on track to reclaim its position as a leader in the global oil and gas market.

“These fiscal incentives demonstrate the administration’s unwavering commitment to fostering sustainable growth, enhancing energy security, and driving economic prosperity for all Nigerians.”

Daily Trust

Israel strikes heart of Beirut, killing six

Israel bombed central Beirut in the early hours of Thursday, killing at least six people, after its forces suffered their deadliest day on the Lebanese front in a year of clashes against Iran-backed armed group Hezbollah.

Israel said it conducted a precise air strike on Beirut. Reuters witnesses reported hearing a massive blast, and a security source said it targeted a building in central Beirut's Bachoura neighbourhood close to parliament, the nearest Israeli strikes have come to Lebanon's seat of government.

At least six people were killed and seven wounded, Lebanese health officials said. A photo being circulated on Lebanese WhatsApp groups, which Reuters could not immediately verify, showed a heavily damaged building with its first floor on fire.

Three missiles also hit the southern suburb of Dahiyeh, where Hezbollah leader Hassan Nasrallah was killed last week, and loud explosions were heard, Lebanese security officials said. The southern suburbs came under more than a dozen Israeli strikes on Wednesday.

A day after Iran fired more than 180 missiles into Israel, Israel said on Wednesday eight soldiers were killed in ground combat in south Lebanon as its forces thrust into its northern neighbour.

The Israeli military said regular infantry and armoured units joined its ground operations in Lebanon on Wednesday as Iran's missile attack and Israel's promise of retaliation raised concerns that the oil-producing Middle East could be caught up in a wider conflict.

Hezbollah said its fighters engaged Israeli forces inside Lebanon. The movement reported ground clashes for the first time since Israeli forces pushed over the border on Monday. Hezbollah said it had destroyed three Israeli Merkava tanks with rockets near the border town of Maroun El Ras.

Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, in a condolence video, said: "We are at the height of a difficult war against Iran's Axis of Evil, which wants to destroy us.

"This will not happen because we will stand together and with God's help, we will win together," he said.

Lebanon's health ministry said Israeli air raids killed at least 46 people in the south and centre of the country over the past 24 hours.

Iran said on Wednesday its missile volley - its biggest ever assault on Israel - was over barring further provocation, but Israel and the United States promised to hit back hard.

U.S. President Joe Biden said he would not support any Israeli strike on Iran's nuclear sites in response to its ballistic missile attack and urged Israel to act "proportionally" against its regional arch-foe.

Biden joined a call with Group of Seven major power leaders on Wednesday to coordinate a response, including new sanctions against Tehran, the White House said.

Hezbollah said it repelled Israeli forces near several border towns and also fired rockets at military posts inside Israel.

The paramilitary group's media chief Mohammad Afif said those battles were only "the first round" and that Hezbollah had enough fighters, weapons and ammunition to push back Israel.

Israel's addition of infantry and armoured troops from the 36th Division, including the Golani Brigade, the 188th Armoured Brigade and 6th Infantry Brigade, suggested that the operation might expand beyond limited commando raids.

The military has said its incursion is largely aimed at destroying tunnels and other infrastructure on the border and there were no plans for a wider operation targeting the Lebanese capital Beirut to the north or major cities in the south.

1.2 MILLION LEBANESE DISPLACED

Nevertheless, it issued new evacuation orders for around two dozen towns along the southern border, instructing inhabitants to head north of the Awali River, which flows east to west some 60 km (37 miles) north of the Israeli frontier.

More than 1,900 people have been killed and over 9,000 wounded in Lebanon in almost a year of cross-border fighting, with most of the deaths occurring in the past two weeks, according to Lebanese government statistics.

Caretaker Prime Minister Najib Mikati said that about 1.2 million Lebanese had been displaced by Israeli attacks.

Malika Joumaa, from Sudan, was forced to take shelter in Saint Joseph's church in Beirut after being forced from her house near Sidon in coastal south Lebanon with her husband and two children.

"It's good that the church offered its help. We were going to stay in the streets; where would we have gone?"

Iran described Tuesday's missile assault as a response to Israeli killings of militant leaders, including Nasrallah, attacks in Lebanon against the group and Israel's war against Palestinian Hamas militants in Gaza.

There were no casualties from the missile onslaught in Israel, but one person was killed in the occupied West Bank.

Reuters

RUSSIAN PERSPECTIVE

Drones now capable of missions that used to be assigned exclusively to planes — Putin

Modern-day drones can perform missions that only combat planes used to be able to take on, Russian President Vladimir Putin said as he met with college students majoring in drone technology.

The president held the meeting at the Rudnevo industrial park, where Moscow-based colleges hold professional training for students studying how to assemble and operate drones. The students told Putin about their inventions and skills.

"Modern unmanned aerial vehicles are gradually but fundamentally changing the principles of military operations," Putin said. "They can gain greater speed, their engines are becoming very powerful, and their range is increasing."

He said drones made by the Russian defense industry can now travel at a speed of up to 700 km/hour.

"And they can perform missions that only army, combat aviation used to be able to perform before," the president said.

He also pointed to the ability of modern drones to "confront larger aircraft."

"It's just a different equipment and a completely different life in aviation. It's very promising," the president said.

He thanked the students for what they are mastering UAV technologies that will save the lives of people engaged in the special military operation.

WESTERN PERSPECTIVE

Russian guided bomb hits apartment building in Ukraine's Kharkiv, injures 10

A Russian guided bomb struck a five-storey apartment block in Kharkiv, Ukraine's second largest city, late on Wednesday, starting fires and injuring at least 10 people, local officials said.

President Volodymyr Zelenskiy said the strike, the latest in a long series of attacks on the city, underscored the need for more help from Ukraine's Western backers. He pointed to Iran's strike on Israel as an example of allies working together.

He said that in order to stop Russian strikes, "Ukraine must receive the necessary, and most importantly, sufficient help from the world, from our partners.

"Every leader knows exactly what needs to be done. It's important to be decisive," Zelenskiy said in a posting on the Telegram messaging app.

Kharkiv regional governor Oleh Syniehubov said the bomb hit between the third and fourth floors of the building in the city's Saltivka district.

"Several floors have been destroyed. An apartment by apartment search is under way. People could be under the rubble," Syniehubov said in a video posted online.

Pictures posted online showed cars ablaze outside the apartment block and firefighters making their way through smoke rubble to get inside the building. Kharkiv Mayor Ihor Terekhov put the injury toll at 10, including a three-year-old child. He said guided bombs had struck two city districts.

Located 30 km (18 miles) from the Russian border, Kharkiv has been a frequent target of Russian forces throughout the more than 2-1/2-year-old war.

In Kyiv, the head of the capital's military administration said fragments from a downed Russian drone damaged an apartment building in one of the capital's eastern districts. There was no indication of any casualties.

Russia denies targeting civilians, but has regularly struck towns and cities behind the front line.

In his nightly video address, Zelenskiy referred to the help the United States and other partners provide Israel to fend off attacks.

"Every time in the Middle East, during criminal Iranian strikes, we see how the international coalition acts together," he said, echoing comments he made during an April raid launched by Iran on Israel.

Zelenskiy also issued the latest of a series of calls for more help to be agreed at a meeting this month in Germany devoted to providing Ukraine with military assistance. U.S. President Joe Biden is to attend the meeting.

Tass/Reuters

In the previous article I wrote regarding popular crossdresser and transgender Bobrisky, real name; Idris Okuneye, I suggested that if there is a way her antics have proved useful, it is how much they manage to reveal us to us. Well, Bobrisky did it again when she became a topic at the National Assembly. Credit goes to her for showing the vapidity of our lawmakers. Not that we did not already know they are essentially overpaid harlequins, but watching the whole drama of their inviting a social media clout chaser―who shows up accompanied by another clown cosplaying “native doctor” to a purported investigative panel―confirmed the institution they represent as perhaps irretrievably degraded.

What were the lawmakers expecting when they summoned someone who had merely released a taped conversation? This character did not put any skin in the game; he did not embark on fact-finding to get the information. The expose was merely a dialogue between supposed friends that someone had passed him to blackmail Bobrisky to pay a debt. Already obsessed with Bobrisky, he decided to release the tape to the public even after the debt was cleared. That is the character lawmakers summoned to the “hallowed chamber.” They did not stop there; they also invited Bobrisky; who had enough sense not to show up. What exactly were they trying to achieve by bringing those two together to face off? Is the NASS now Kókóró Aláte?

Look, I get it. They wanted to respond to the Bobrisky case considering the public interest the leaked tape elicited, but was that how to go about it? Their unserious approach shows how poorly they think of their constitutional powers and their moral duty. If they are interested in reforming our carceral system, I am sure they will find serious research conducted by serious people at the libraries of either NIPSS in Kuru, Jos, or the various think tanks in the country. Why ignore all that to pursue a social media “influencer”? It is not as if anything that has been revealed so far is new information. We were all here in December last year when the National Correctional Service, the DSS, and the EFCC publicly fought over who should have custody of the former CBN governor, Godwin Emefiele. Why would three agencies be jostling over the detention of a rich inmate if not because they see him as an opportunity?

In 2019, investigative journalist Fisayo Soyombo published his investigation into the rot that typifies the Nigerian prison system. This was someone who actually got himself incarcerated just to substantiate his allegations of corruption in the Nigerian prison system. If the NASS needed to summon a person who had experienced how degenerate the prison system had become, it should have been him. Why overlook those who have committed sincere efforts towards researching these issues to run after those whose interest in this matter is not even skin deep? These are people who have turned the internet into a job, and all of this is just another show to tickle an idle followership.

To be clear, I am not against a diligent investigation into the issue. Yes, both the EFCC and the correctional service ought to be investigated with an eye toward reforms. I also think that the procedure for getting presidential pardons needs to be reviewed. The category of people who receive presidential pardons in Nigeria has always been suspicious anyway. As commonplace as the allegations that emanated from Bobrisky’s leaked tape are, they are still grievous enough to warrant a diligent investigation. What is entirely unacceptable is the frivolity of the lawmakers’ inviting social media figures―who are constantly at loggerheads―to confront each other. By also inviting a crowd of journalists, and televising the encounter, they reduce a grave matter of institutional collapse to mere entertainment. Those kinds of issues are best resolved by confronting the liable institutions, not individuals whose roles are merely symptomatic of the larger systemic rot.

For me, the matter is worth investigating given the role of the EFCC and the alleged N15m bribe. Their self-justification regarding why they dropped the money laundering charges against Bobrisky was more scandalising because of what it revealed about them and their investigation process. According to an EFCC prosecutor, Bilikisu Bala, who claimed the money laundering against Bobrisky was rightfully dropped, they had charged her based on her confessional statement that her firm, Bob Express, was not registered with SCUML and was not rendering returns to the organization. Now, that part piqued my interest.

So, it was not like there was any report that warranted their arresting Bobrisky and charging her with money laundering in the first place. They arrested her, and seeing as how the Naira mutilation offense―for which she was eventually imprisoned―was too cheap to convince the public of the necessity of their actions, they pressed her into some self-disclosure, and then proceeded to charge her with an offense based on her own words! Let me say that again. Prior to the arrest, they had nothing substantial against Bobrisky. But they thought that if they detained her and shook her well enough in their custody, one or two things that could be used against her in the court would eventually fall off.

Now, there is a possibility that even though they finally realised that the case of money laundering would not sail, some of their men still went ahead and used the charges to extort money from her. Since she might not have realised there was no evidence whatsoever to charge her with money laundering, they took advantage of the knowledge gap to demand a bribe. So, when their prosecutor Bala said the money laundering charges were “legally” dropped, he was not exactly lying. There was never a basis for them in the first place but were necessary because the EFCC was desperate to charge Bobrisky with an offense so sensational that it would obscure the very thing about her that was paining them: her sexuality.

If that was exactly how it happened, then it explains a lot about why the EFCC has been an ineffective institution; they are so crooked that they cannot stand straight on any issue at any time. When you see the EFCC chairman, Olu Olukayode, wringing his fingers and moaning about how they opened a “backdoor” for former Kogi governor Yahaya Bello, just know that it is not the way the law was worded that constricts their initiative on Bello. Where else does it happen that an investigating agency needs the cooperation of an accused to do their job to the extent they would practically be begging for the attention of the person they are supposed to prosecute? After months of EFCC’s whining, Bello finally walks into their headquarters and walks out while the officials look on like a headless mannequin in a lingerie store. They were paralyzed by their own lack of moral backbone. Shame!

We have no objective evidence of who demanded the money from Bobrisky and how it was shared, but there are enough details from the tape to convince anyone who has been paying attention to the pattern of things that the accusation could not have been false. No one prompted Bobrisky to rant, so why would she have lied against the EFCC in a tape she did not know would leak? Also, considering that aspects of her story—particularly the part about staying in a private prison—have been confirmed by prison officials, the part about the EFCC is most likely true as well. In any case, the only reason people are excited by this is Bobrisky. Nothing about this scandal is new. While one cannot control what topics people chinwag on social media, should lawmakers not be too serious to give institutional gravitas to every silliness?

Punch

Sho Dewan

Leaders are not born, they’re made. It may sound cliché but it’s true, as leadership is a skill that can be cultivated through experience, learning, and adaptability. Managers play a huge role in their team’s success, as employees reporting to effective managers are 15 times more likely to be high performers, according to a Gartner survey.

Whether you’re navigating your first team meeting or making critical decisions, the first days in the role could be overwhelming. To help you find your footing in this new realm, here are three tips to guide you through and shape your path to success.

Be Transparent With The Team

As a new manager, trust is among the most important things to have within your team, and it is built through transparency. Start with having open and honest communication with the team. Share with them relevant information about team goals, company updates, and changes that may impact them. Be clear about what you know and what you don’t know.

Jessica Chen, the author of the bestselling communications book, “Smart, Not Loud: How to Get Noticed at Work for All the Right Reasons” shares in her book how being transparent and proactive can also help bolster your credibility. And she’s an expert at doing so herself, as it was her personal branding & leadership posts on LinkedIn that led me to get connected with her in the first place!

When speaking to her about her experience working with new managers, she shared this lesson: “If we face tricky conversations at work, it’s important not to hide or avoid it. Instead, the best managers stop and think about what went wrong, when things went wrong, and how to communicate it with tact.”

“In fact, building credibility has nothing to do with your title or number of years worked. It is something that is proactive and top of mind,” Chen added.

This also means that new managers need to be comfortable with their team asking questions and providing feedback. Show that you value their input by listening and responding to them, but remember that you don’t have to implement every single one.

Some people prefer to “Fake It ‘Til You Make It”, but don’t make this the case for yourself. Pretending to be someone you’re not can prevent you from building strong and genuine relationships needed for effective collaboration.

Lead With Actions

Walking the talk when giving instructions and encouragement to your team establishes credibility and respect for you as their manager. You have to demonstrate the values, behaviors, and standards that you expect from them. If you commit to something, for example, a deadline, make sure to follow through. Consistently delivering on your promises shows reliability and integrity.

Taking responsibility, especially when things go wrong, is a mark of a strong leader. Making mistakes is not inevitable, but you must own up to them and apologize if necessary. But also make sure to have a game plan for resolving it. This will show your team that it’s safe to admit to their mistakes and learn from them, too.

Remember, 57% of employees quit because of a bad boss, so be consistent in your management style. Don’t waver your standards or apply rules differently based on your mood. When your actions consistently reflect your values and expectations, your team will trust that you mean what you say.

Treat Your Team As Humans First

As you lead your new team, take inspiration from managers you enjoy working with. They’re probably those who took the time to get to know you and encouraged you to have a healthy work-life balance by respecting your time beyond the workplace. No one wants to be seen as a robot, so make a conscious effort to understand your team’s personal goals and professional aspirations as well.

Regularly acknowledge and appreciate them for their hard work and contributions. A sincere thank you or public acknowledgment can go a long way in making people feel valued. But also be attentive when they are struggling, whether due to work-related stress or personal challenges. Offer your support by checking in privately and providing flexibility or resources. Let them know they can talk to you without fear or judgment.

At the end of the day, being a leader is more than just giving them a list of tasks to accomplish but actually guiding them toward success. And it’s only when people are genuinely cared for and valued that they are more motivated, engaged, and committed that this can be achieved.

Becoming a successful manager is not about having all the answers from the get-go but about continuously learning, growing, and adapting. Keep in mind that the most effective leaders are those who lead with empathy, integrity, and a genuine desire to see their team succeed.

Embracing these tips will help you navigate the complexities of the role and also create a positive and productive environment for you and your team to thrive. The journey may be challenging, but with the right mindset and approach, it will also be equally rewarding.

Forbes

The sustained rise in the prices of goods and services in Nigeria is driven by a complex interplay of domestic economic challenges, monetary policy decisions, and external factors. The trends identified by manufacturers, agricultural experts, and economic analysts reveal that inflationary pressures are likely to persist, affecting both the productive and service sectors. This analysis will explore the various underlying causes and how they are expected to shape price trends in Nigeria.

1. Monetary Policy and Rising Interest Rates

The continuous increase in the Monetary Policy Rate (MPR) by the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN), now at 27.25%, has had a ripple effect across the Nigerian economy. The Manufacturers Association of Nigeria (MAN) has expressed concerns that higher borrowing costs, which now exceed 35%, are compounding the challenges faced by the manufacturing sector. With the cost of credit rising, manufacturers are forced to either raise prices to cover costs or reduce production capacity, exacerbating supply shortages.

As production costs rise, the prices of manufactured goods inevitably increase, further eroding consumer purchasing power. This cost-push inflation is particularly damaging for a country like Nigeria, where many industries depend on imports for raw materials. As the Naira continues to depreciate, manufacturers pay more for inputs, worsening the inflationary spiral.

2. Depressed Consumer Demand and Inventory Buildup

Despite rising production costs, many manufacturers face the challenge of declining consumer demand due to reduced purchasing power. With inflation soaring, consumers are spending more on essential goods like food and fuel, leaving less disposable income for other goods and services. As a result, manufacturers are accumulating unsold inventory, which reached ₦1.24 trillion in the first half of 2024—a significant increase from ₦869.37 billion at the end of 2023.

This situation is unsustainable for the manufacturing sector, as companies must either continue raising prices to offset losses or cut production, leading to layoffs and potential business closures. The resulting unemployment would further suppress demand, creating a vicious cycle of stagnating economic activity and rising inflation.

3. Food Inflation and Agricultural Challenges

The agricultural sector, a crucial component of Nigeria’s economy, is also grappling with significant challenges that are contributing to rising food prices. Worsening insecurity, particularly in the northern regions, has severely disrupted farming activities, reducing both output and productivity. Armed conflicts and banditry have prevented farmers from accessing their lands, while attacks on rural communities have driven many farmers away from agricultural activities altogether.

Moreover, Nigeria suffers from a lack of adequate storage and processing facilities. According to the Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO), Nigeria loses up to 50% of its agricultural produce post-harvest due to poor infrastructure, inadequate storage, and inefficient food processing methods. This wastage leads to shortages, driving up the prices of staple foods such as grains, fruits, and vegetables. Even during harvest seasons, when prices typically ease, the lack of proper storage ensures that these gains are short-lived, with prices quickly rebounding after seasonal abundance passes.

The combination of insecurity, high post-harvest losses, and inefficient food distribution systems guarantees that food prices will remain elevated in the near and medium term, putting further pressure on household budgets.

4. The Depreciation of the Naira and Smuggling

One of the most significant factors driving inflation in Nigeria is the persistent depreciation of the Naira, particularly against stronger currencies like the CFA franc in neighboring countries. As the Naira weakens, the price differential between Nigeria and its neighbors increases, creating opportunities for smugglers to move food items and other essential goods out of Nigeria to sell them at higher prices.

This cross-border smuggling exacerbates local shortages, further driving up domestic prices. With the Naira currently trading at around ₦1,700/$ in the parallel market, there is little hope for a near-term recovery. The government’s decision to float the Naira in 2023, while aimed at addressing exchange rate imbalances, has led to increased volatility in the currency market, with speculative activities and weak foreign investment inflows adding to the pressure on the Naira.

Without robust interventions to stabilize the currency, such as increasing foreign reserves or attracting substantial foreign investment, the exchange rate is likely to remain under pressure. This continued depreciation will ensure that imported goods, including food items and raw materials for manufacturing, remain expensive, further fueling inflation.

5. Energy Costs and Petrol Price Increases

Energy prices, particularly petrol, have been a key driver of inflation in Nigeria. The removal of petrol subsidies by the Tinubu administration has led to a sharp increase in fuel prices, with petrol now selling for around ₦1,000 per liter—up from ₦187 per liter when the administration took office. Given that transportation costs account for a significant portion of the cost structure for many goods and services, the impact on inflation has been profound.

Higher fuel prices have not only driven up the cost of transporting goods but also increased the operating costs for small businesses and households that rely on petrol-powered generators due to the country’s unreliable electricity supply. With global oil prices likely to remain high due to geopolitical tensions and the depreciation of the Naira against the U.S. dollar, petrol prices are unlikely to decline soon, ensuring that energy costs will continue to be a major contributor to inflation.

6. Structural Economic Issues and Foreign Exchange Shortages

Nigeria’s heavy dependence on crude oil exports and the chronic underperformance of the oil sector, due in part to oil theft and declining production, have reduced the country’s foreign exchange earnings. This, in turn, limits the ability of the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) to stabilize the Naira through interventions in the foreign exchange market.

With dwindling foreign reserves and limited inflows from non-oil exports, Nigeria has been unable to meet the foreign currency needs of manufacturers and importers. The resulting scarcity of foreign exchange has led to higher costs for imported goods, from industrial machinery to everyday consumer products. Until Nigeria can diversify its export base and increase foreign exchange earnings, these challenges will persist, keeping the pressure on prices.

7. Inflation Expectations and Wage Demands

As inflation continues to erode purchasing power, there are growing demands for wage increases across various sectors. The federal government, facing pressure from labor unions, has already implemented a wage hike, but these increases are unlikely to keep pace with rising inflation. Wage increases, while necessary to maintain living standards, can also contribute to further inflation if not accompanied by corresponding gains in productivity.

Moreover, as businesses face rising input costs and wage pressures, many are passing these costs onto consumers, further entrenching inflation expectations. Once inflation becomes embedded in the economy, it becomes more difficult to reverse, particularly in an environment of weak economic growth and poor policy coordination.

Conclusion

In the near and medium term, the outlook for Nigeria’s inflationary trends remains bleak. The combination of rising interest rates, agricultural challenges, a depreciating Naira, fuel price hikes, and structural economic weaknesses will continue to drive up the prices of goods and services. Without significant policy interventions to address these issues—such as improving agricultural productivity, stabilizing the Naira, reducing insecurity, and supporting local manufacturing—inflation will remain a persistent challenge, further eroding living standards for millions of Nigerians.

Overview

On October 1, 2024, coinciding with Nigeria's 64th Independence Day, protesters across multiple cities in Nigeria took to the streets as part of the #EndBadGovernance movement. This was a continuation of protests held in August 2024, with demonstrators expressing grievances over economic hardships, rising costs of living, and government policies.

Key Points

1. The protests, also known as "National Day of Survival" or "#FearlessInOctober", occurred in several major cities including Lagos, Abuja, Ibadan, Akure, Osogbo, and Port Harcourt.

2. Main grievances included:

   - High fuel prices following subsidy removal

   - Rising food costs

   - Increased electricity tariffs

   - General economic hardship and inflation

3. Protesters demanded:

   - Reversal of fuel subsidy removal

   - Reduction in food prices

   - Improved governance

   - Release of activists arrested during previous protests

4. Security forces responded with varying levels of force in different locations, including:

   - Use of tear gas in Abuja

   - Arrests of protest leaders in Kano

   - Dispersal of protesters in Rivers State

5. The Nigerian Bar Association (NBA) offered free legal services to protesters facing harassment or unlawful arrest.

Protests by Location

Abuja

- Police fired tear gas at protesters in the Utako market area

- Eagle Square was sealed off by security forces

Lagos

- Peaceful demonstration led by Omoyele Sowore

- Protesters marched from Ikeja to Alausa Secretariat

Ibadan

- Youth-led protest at Mokola roundabout

- Demands included reversal of fuel subsidy removal and reduced living costs

Akure (Ondo State)

- Protesters defied police warnings and marched peacefully

- Commercial drivers and motorcyclists joined the protest

Osogbo (Osun State)

- Protesters marched through major neighborhoods

- Demanded reversal of economic policies

Port Harcourt (Rivers State)

- Police and suspected political thugs dispersed protesters

- Media personnel were prevented from documenting the incident

Kano

- Five protest leaders were allegedly arrested and taken to Abuja

Government and Security Response

- Police in various states issued warnings against protests

- In some areas, security forces monitored protests without intervention

- The National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) warned against rights violations by security agencies

Civil Society Reactions

- The Nigerian Bar Association (NBA) offered free legal services to protesters

- Amnesty International called for the release of detained activists in Kano

- United Action Front of the Civil Society (UAFCS) urged the government to initiate dialogue with protest leaders

Conclusion

The #EndBadGovernance protests 2.0 highlighted ongoing economic challenges and dissatisfaction with government policies in Nigeria. While some protests remained peaceful, others faced security crackdowns. The events underscored the tension between citizens' right to protest and government efforts to maintain public order.

On Tuesday, President Bola Tinubu joined Nigerians in celebrating the country’s 64th Independence Day anniversary — his second since assuming office on May 29, 2023.

The president made several claims while reading his Independence Day speech, stating how his policies and reforms have yielded results since he took over the reign of power.

TheCable checked some of his claims, and here is what we found.

CLAIM ONE: Tinubu said Nigeria attracted foreign direct investments (FDI) worth more than $30 billion in 2023 due to his economic policies.

“The economy is undergoing the necessary reforms and retooling to serve us better and more sustainably,” the president said.

“If we do not correct the fiscal misalignments that led to the current economic downturn, our country will face an uncertain future and the peril of unimaginable consequences.

“Thanks to the reforms, our country attracted foreign direct investments worth more than $30 billion in the last year.”

FDI is the establishment of a company or business in a country by a foreign investor.

VERIFICATION

On February 17, 2024, Doris Uzoka-Anite, minister of industry, trade and investment, said the country obtained about $30 billion in investment commitments from various investors.

Uzoka-Anite said the commitments will be redeemed within five to eight years.

Also, the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) usually releases capital importation reports, which include details on foreign direct investment inflows that Nigeria attracts every quarter.

The NBS capital importation report categorises capital inflows into three main types: foreign direct investment (FDI), foreign portfolio investment (FPI), and other investments.

According to data obtained from NBS, between Q2 — when Tinubu’s administration began — and Q1 of 2024, Nigeria attracted a total of $448.95 million in foreign direct investment (FDI).

In the same period, foreign portfolio investments — which involve investments in financial assets such as stocks and bonds — amounted to $2.58 billion.

Additionally, other investments, such as loans, trade credits, and other capital inflows totaled $3.12 billion.

Further analysis by TheCable showed that in Q2 2023, Nigeria recorded $1.03 billion in foreign inflows, which includes FDI, portfolio investments, and other investments.

The figure dropped to $654.65 million in Q3 2023 but rose to $1.09 billion in Q4.

However, by Q1 2024, total capital inflow surged to $3.38 billion.

In total, Nigeria attracted $6.14 billion in foreign inflows between Q2 2023 and Q1 2024.

VERDICT

Based on data from the NBS, Tinubu’s claim that the country attracted more than $30 billion in foreign direct investment in 2023 is incorrect.

According to the minister of industry, trade, and investment, what Nigeria got were investment commitments, which represent pledges or agreements to invest $30 billion within five to eight years, rather than actual foreign direct investments.

CLAIM TWO: Tinubu said his administration inherited a foreign reserve of over $33 billion and has since increased and maintained it at $37 billion.

“We inherited a reserve of over $33 billion 16 months ago. Since then, we have paid back the inherited forex backlog of $7 billion. We have cleared the ways and means debt of over N30 trillion,” he said.

“We have reduced the debt service ratio from 97 percent to 68 percent. Despite all these, we have managed to keep our foreign reserve at $37 billion. We continue to meet all our obligations and pay our bills.”

VERIFICATION

Based on the last data released by the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) on May 26, 2023, three days before the president assumed office, the foreign reserves stood at $35.14 billion.

However, the latest figures from the CBN, as of September 27, 2024, showed that the foreign reserves rose to $38.05 billion.

VERDICT

The president’s claim that his administration has increased the foreign reserves is true, based on data from CBN.

CLAIM THREE: Tinubu said his administration has successfully cleared the $7 billion foreign exchange backlog that was inherited when he took office.

“Since then, we have paid back the inherited forex backlog of $7 billion,” the president said.

VERIFICATION

FX backlog refers to the accumulated unmet foreign exchange (FX) demands or obligations that a country has not been able to fulfill.

On February 5, Olayemi Cardoso, CBN governor, said he inherited a $7 billion FX backlog when he took over the apex bank in September 2023.

The backlog indicates that there were outstanding requests from businesses, investors, or individuals for foreign currencies to facilitate international transactions — such as imports, debt payments, or foreign investments — that the CBN had not been able to supply due to a shortage of FX at the time.

On September 26, 2023, the CBN governor announced that the apex bank was working on settling the $7 billion FX backlog liabilities.

On March 20, 2024, Hakama Sidi Ali, director of corporate communications at CBN, said the apex bank has successfully settled all valid outstanding FX obligations.

Two days after, Kingsley Nwokeoma, president of the Association of Foreign Airlines and Representatives in Nigeria (AFARN), called for evidence of payment.

Nwokeoma said the apex bank should provide proof of payment, as they had yet to receive any funds.

However, on June 2, 2024, the International Air Transport Association (IATA) said 98 percent of trapped airlines’ funds in Nigeria had been cleared.

VERDICT

Based on the official statement from the CBN which is responsible for FX payments, and the IATA, representing foreign airlines, the president’s claim is largely correct.

CLAIM FOUR: Tinubu said his administration has cleared the ways and means debt of over N30 trillion.

“We have cleared the ways and means debt of over N30 trillion,” the president said.

VERIFICATION

Ways and means advances refer to a facility provided by the CBN that allows the federal government to borrow money from the apex bank to cover short-term funding needs.

Essentially, it helps the government manage its finances when there is a shortfall in revenue.

On May 23, 2023, the senate approved the securitisation of N22.7 trillion ways and means loans, following a request by former President Muhammadu Buhari on December 28, 2022, to convert the debt into a government bond.

Securitisation is the process of turning assets into interest-bearing securities that can be sold to investors.

Also, on December 30, 2023, the national assembly approved Tinubu’s request for the securitisation of outstanding N7.3 trillion ways and means debt.

While the Debt Management Office (DMO) has not released the document for the securitisation of the N7.3 trillion loan, the details of the N22.7 trillion loan securitised during Buhari’s administration showed that the tenure is 40 years, meaning that the principal and interests are expected to be paid within 40 years.

Additionally, there is a 3-year moratorium on the principal, which means for the first three years, the borrower does not have to make any payments towards the principal amount of the loan.

The document also states that it carries an interest rate of 9 percent per annum, which means that each year, the federal government will pay 9 percent of the remaining loan balance as interest.

VERDICT

Tinubu’s claim that his administration has cleared the N30 trillion ways and means is false, as the DMO document showed that the loan has been securitised to be paid within 40 years, not paid in full as Tinubu asserted.

The Cable

The Nigerian National Petroleum Company Limited has again failed to begin fuel production at the Port Harcourt refinery in Rivers State.

This is despite the refinery failing to commence operations after six postponements as of August 2024.

Promises made to Nigerians by the Federal Ministry of Petroleum Resources and NNPC about the refinery have continued to hit brick walls.

After the failure of the early August promise, the Chief Financial Officer of the NNPC, Umar Ajiya, said the Port Harcourt refinery would commence operations in September 2024.

Speaking to journalists in August, Ajiya had said petroleum products would be ready for testing before being supplied to the domestic market in September.

As September ended two days ago, the NNPC did not give an update about the refinery.

Our correspondent contacted the NNPC last week for an update about the refinery, but there was no response.

The Chief Corporate Communications Officer of the oil firm, Olufemi Soneye, did not reply to enquiries sent to him on September 22 and 30, 2024.

However, Maire Tecnimont SpA, the contractor overseeing the rehabilitation of the Port Harcourt refinery, said it would provide details on the project’s completion by or before October 2.

The contractor conveyed this through a law firm, Olajide Oyewole LLP, in response to a letter from a Senior Advocate of Nigeria, Femi Falana, who had inquired about the completion timeline for the refinery’s rehabilitation.

In reply to Falana’s request, the law firm stated that its client received his letters dated September 17 and 24, regarding the contract with the NNPC and is considering the inquiries.

“Our client is considering your letters and they intend to get back to you on or before 2 October 2024,” the law firm had said.

Since December 2023, NNPC, which is in charge of all the government refineries, has given Nigerians different dates, assuring them that the refinery would begin the sale of refined products soon.

In July, the Group Chief Executive Officer of the NNPC, Mele Kyari, stated categorically that the refinery would come into operation in early August.

The same Kyari said in 2019 that the NNPC would deliver all the country’s four refineries before the end of former President Muhammadu Buhari’s administration.

While appearing before the Senate in July, Kyari boasted, “I can confirm to you, Mr Chairman, that by the end of the year, this country will be a net exporter of petroleum products.

“Specific to NNPC refineries, we have spoken to a number of your committees, and it is impossible to have the Kaduna refinery come into operation before December, it will get to December, both Warri and Kaduna, but that of Port Harcourt will commence production early August this year.”

However, the promise was not fulfilled in August which was the sixth postponement.

Though the NNPC said it was on course, the refinery has yet to commence operations.

It would be recalled that the 210,000 barrels per day refinery was said to have reached what the NNPC called mechanical completion of rehabilitation work in December. It stated that the facility would start refining 60,000 barrels of crude oil daily after last year’s Christmas break.

Later in January, Kyari said the refinery was being tested and would be ready by the end of January.

During the second month of the year, the Shell Petroleum Development Company of Nigeria Limited completed the supply of 475,000 barrels of crude oil to the facility, raising the expectations of marketers that production was set to commence.

This came a few weeks after the NNPC said in January that it was seeking to engage reputable and credible operations and maintenance companies to run the refinery.

In mid-March, Kyari said the Port Harcourt refinery would commence operations in two weeks, April.

“We are serving this country with honour and dignity. And we will make sure that the promises we make on the rehabilitation of these refineries will take place,” Kyari stated after he appeared before the Senate Ad-hoc Committee investigating the various turnaround maintenance projects of the country’s refineries.

As the April deadline elapsed, independent petroleum marketers said that the facility would begin production by the end of July.

Commenting on this, NNPC’s Chief Corporate Communications Officer, Soneye, said regulatory approvals from international bodies were the only impediment stalling the operational commencement of the refinery.

Some Nigerians have expressed disappointment that the nation’s refineries have remained moribund for years. The country has since depended on imported fuel due to a lack of refining capacity, spending up to N2tn monthly.

The President of the Dangote Group, Aliko Dangote, said $4bn had been spent by the Federal Government in an attempt to revive the nation’s refineries.

The refinery, situated in Nigeria’s oil-rich Niger Delta region, has been in operation since 1965, but later became moribund for several years.

In March 2021, the federal government obtained a $1.5bn loan for the renovation and modernisation of the refinery; a move that was criticised by former Vice President Atiku Abubakar, who advocated the sale of all government refineries.

While reacting to the plan to hand the refinery over to private managers, Atiku tackled former President Muhammadu Buhari and incumbent President Bola Tinubu for failing to heed his advice that the refinery and others owned by the government should be sold to private individuals.

Punch

The United Arab Emirates (UAE) flag carrier Emirates flight landed at the Murtala Muhammad International Airport (MMIA), Lagos on Tuesday.

This is coming two years after the suspension of operation by the airline over several issues including unresolved trapped funds belonging to the airline.

However the flight EK 783 which touched down at the old terminal of the MMIA at exactly 3:32 pm arrived with several empty seats on its Boeing 777-300ER.

The flight resumed for the first time in two years with 105 passengers on the Boeing 777-300er (Extended range) with a capacity to convey 370 to 392 passengers depending on the configuration.

Several passengers who spoke with our correspondent also confirmed that there were many empty seats on the flight.

While the departing passengers were processed at the new terminal, returning passengers arrived via the old terminal of the MMIA due to the existing capacity constraint at the new terminal.

One of the passengers said, “The flight was not full at all but as usual the services were very good. And I think this is understandable being the first flight after many years.”

The return flight EK784 also departed Lagos by 5:29 with about the same number of passengers.

There has been low booking since the airline resumed sale of tickets with travel agents attributing the development to the stringent visa requirements imposed on Nigerians.

A top travel agent who spoke with our correspondent said, “The visa requirements are very stringent and restrictive. We hope that as they reconnect and settle in, they can tweak some of these requirements.”

One of the requirements is for the applicant to have a certain sum of money in his account to cover travel, accommodation, and other expenses.

Daily Trust