It was January, which means an influx of people at the gym, sweeping declarations for big life changes and a whole lot of companies sending emails about their prices going up.

While it may feel like a coincidence that these things arrive with each turn of the calendar, there's a psychological reason for it. Wharton professor Katy Milkman and colleagues have dubbed it the Fresh Start Effect.

We humans feel compelled to make changes with the new week, month, quarter or year. This effect also comes into play with milestone birthdays – people are much more likely to run their first 5k or marathon at age 39, 49, or 59 than at 41, 51, or 61.

And while sending gifts at the same time as everyone else is often a bad strategy, great news for everyone who didn't get around to sending gifts this holiday season, blending in with the crowd and raising your prices at a time it is expected can be a great approach.

That being said, you aren't guaranteed to fly under the radar. Plenty of businesses get it wrong and find themselves with upset customers and backpedaling on reasonable price increases. Here are three common price-increase mistakes to avoid at any time of year:

1. Trying to explain why you 'had to' raise prices

These are all the messages like, "We haven't raised our prices in 12 years, but due to inflation and the rising costs of our vendors..." insert eye-roll here.

While your brain is wired to feel like you need to explain the decision, this makes the communication about you when it should be about your customer.

In general, people don't care about you and what you have been struggling with – they care about them.

And the longer the communication is before you get to the price increase, the worse it is because that anticipation is making them think "Wow...this must be really bad if they are going to all this trouble." Your overjustification is more likely to turn people off or make them upset than it is to help you.

• Easy Fix: Make the message about them, not you. What do they care about? What if it wasn't about the price? It is very possible that your customers don't even remember how much they are paying you, so you might be paying a lot of attention to something they aren't focused on. Find ways to showcase your value to them and get them excited about the future.

2. You didn't raise your prices high enough

Now, I know this one may have you confused, but hear me out. Because raising prices can feel scary, it is common to implement the least possible increase.

The problem is this myopic thinking can lead to multiple increases over time and when those come too close together it can anger customers and make them more likely to leave you.

• Easy Fix: Take the time to plan at least one year out. Is there anything that would make you need to increase your prices again that you should include now? Or does it make sense to delay and align this with new features coming later in the year?
  In my work, I have found that most people aren't charging enough for their products and services – especially those in small to midsize businesses – so you can probably increase more than you think. And, good news, research shows people value things they pay more for, so be open-minded.

3. Immediately hedge with a discount

When you're worried about the reaction to a price increase, it is common to offer a discount to offset it. More often than not, I see people use this as a crutch so the discount is more about making them comfortable with the new price than it is about the customer wanting/needing a discount.

• Easy Fix: Get anyone who is selling comfortable with the new price before they have to start saying it to customers. Your confidence is the most important thing when it comes to price integrity. The goal is to be able to say the price like it is the time of day or the weather. Don't jump to discounts to make you feel more comfortable. Instead, try this: imagine you sell water bottles. They are currently $8 each and the price is going up to $12 each. That can feel hard to communicate when your mental anchor is at $8. So, imagine you had to charge 10x more tomorrow. Once you plan through how you could sell them for $80 tomorrow, $12 will feel like a breeze.

If you're wondering, "Should I raise my prices?" the answer is probably "Yes." Now that you know the mistakes to avoid, you can confidently sell at whatever new price you land on. Happy selling.

Inc

Businesses across different sectors have lamented the worsening state of power supply in the country, which they said has forced them to rely more on alternative sources of energy. They said the alternatives are expensive, unsustainable and constitute a threat to their continued survival.

While the different distribution companies (DisCos), have given different reasons in the last few weeks to explain the continued drop in power supply to businesses and homes, industries are suffering, as they are forced to rely on diesel and petrol-powered generators to sustain production.

Managing Director of Kazih Kits Limited, Chinedu Grace Otakpor-Azih, lamented the power situation, saying it is stalling production. “We use both diesel and petrol generators, the former for day production while the latter is for overnight production. We spend about N60,000 on petrol weekly and I have lost track of what we spend on diesel but it is a lot.” She said they are currently shopping for alternatives, including switching to gas in a bid to reduce expenses.

“The power situation is very poor, sometimes, there is no power for days. How can we remain productive like this? Despite using fuel to produce, we cannot increase prices so much because the economy is bad in general and spending power has reduced but it cannot be helped again. The DisCo will still send us bills to settle despite getting little to no power. A bundle of cotton material moved from N18,000 to N50,000 in weeks; this is in addition to rising fuel costs and other operating costs, which are all shooting up as well. We are looking to source cotton locally but what is being produced locally is of far inferior quality,” she said.

A manager at Future Hope Interior Designs Limited, Dapo Salau, regretted that the electricity situation has forced them to lay off some casual staff and cut down drastically on production. Describing the power situation as worrisome, he said they use as much as N25,000 diesel daily and when they realised it was not sustainable, had to cut back on production and because of that, let some workers go. He worried that if the situation does not improve, they would be forced to completely halt production.

“The cost of materials has tripled overnight and when you factor in diesel costs, we are running at a loss. We cannot afford to raise the prices of our goods too much so as not to scare customers away. Please let the authorities in charge save our businesses and livelihood by giving us constant power, we don’t want to have to close down,” he said.

Immediate past Manufacturers Association of Nigeria (MAN) chairperson, Apapa branch, Frank Ike Onyebu, regretted that despite operating in an industrial estate, the power situation has degenerated so badly. He added that it was not surprising however as this is the dry season but lamented that the outages were too frequent and sometimes, last days. 

“We have come to accept that 24/7 electricity is a distant dream but what we are getting now is 7/24, seven hours in 24 if we are lucky as it is often less than that. Generation and transmission, in particular, is still very poor despite all the reforms the government claims to have carried out in the sector. Most of the transmission and distribution lines inherited from the defunct NEPA by the DisCos are still in use and sadly they are all obsolete. Which is why when there is a break somewhere or wind blows, the light goes off for hours or even days.”

Onyebu added that manufacturers need constant power supply but are not getting it. He noted: “In the last two weeks, we have used 30,000 litres of diesel coming to us at 1,100 per litre. This is how much we are bleeding and will worsen if the power situation is not addressed soon.” He added that the DisCos are probably not bothered about delivering service to customers because they get subsidy from the federal government. 

“Every month, our electricity bill is around 70-80 million Naira without fail, yet we still spend millions on diesel and petrol to fuel our generators. One would expect that manufacturers being charged millions would be given a little priority, yet, all we get is disregard and darkness. The situation is beyond frustrating and we are dealing with too many problems at once. If this government is serious about preventing this industry from total collapse, power must be fixed immediately,” he concluded.

The Guardian

Youths and women took to the streets in Niger State on Monday in protest of what they called the biting hardship and the rising cost of living in the country.

The protest started when a group of women blocked the Minna-Bida Road at the popular Kpakungu Roundabout to lament what they termed the sufferings under the Bola Tinubu government.

They were later joined by men and youths who barricaded the road and halted vehicular traffic.

The economic situation in the country had become unbearable following the removal of the fuel subsidy by President Tinubu on May 29, 2023.

The policy triggered a surge in food inflation and a hike in costs of transportation, goods, and services, resulting in a higher cost of living.

Also, the decision of the Central Bank of Nigeria in June 2023 to float the naira, which allows buyers and sellers to set their exchange rates in the FX market, has led to a depreciation of the national currency which has continued to lose its value against the greenback.

As of Monday, the naira exchanged for N1,440 to the US dollar on the black market while the CBN rate was pegged at N905/$1.

In reaction to the economic distress, the protesting youths and women halted commercial activities as they lamented how the economy was getting worse under Tinubu’s leadership.

A youth, who gave his name as Ibrahim Gana, said, “A measure of rice was sold for N2,000 in Minna markets while maize was N1,000 per measure. The Federal Government needs to take action to reduce the hardship faced by poor Nigerians. Things are becoming unbearable.”

The protesters defied a team of police operatives deployed to disperse them.

Attempts by the operatives to quell the protest and arrest the youths failed as they chased the officers.

The police operatives fired teargas canisters but the protesters were unmoved as they stood their ground.

Niger State Police command spokesman, Wasiu Abiodun, explained that the police applied minimum force to disperse the protesters.

He added, “I woke up this morning with information that a large number of people protesting blocked Bida Road, obstructing motorists and people were unable to go about their work. So, we had to deploy there this morning.

“After so much persuasion, they refused to open the road, even the deputy governor was there to address them. As a result of that, we had to use minimum force to disperse the protesters; the road was opened and there is free flow of traffic now.”

Commenting on the demonstration in Minna, Executive Director of the Rule of Law, Advocacy and Accountability Centre, Okechukwu Nwaguma, said he expected the protest to spread across the country “to send a message to the President to sit up or step down,” emphasising the hardship under Tinubu’s leadership.

On his part, Executive Director of the Civil Society Legislative Advocacy Centre, Auwal Rafsanjani, said the Minna protest could escalate if the government did not take quick measures to reduce the people’s sufferings by minimising waste and corruption.

“This protest against poverty, hunger, and hardship in Nigeria is something that if the government does not take measures to ameliorate the suffering of Nigerians may escalate everywhere because right now, living conditions are very hard and difficult for many Nigerians who are even employed, not to talk of people who are not even earning any means of livelihood.

“So, the government must ensure it has a package that could minimise waste, diversion of taxpayers’ money, extravagancy, and outright embezzlement of funds by public officials. This is the only way the government could douse the tension”, he suggested.

The Country Director of ActionAid Nigeria, Andrew Mamedu, said the protest in Niger State reflected Nigerians’ growing frustration with the government, adding that the people must unite to demand an improvement in their standard of living.

“The protest in Niger State is indicative of broader socio-economic challenges that Nigerians are facing. While we cannot predict the trajectory of the protest, it is evident that there is growing frustration among the Nigerians concerning the economic hardships they are experiencing.

‘’The hardships faced by Nigerians are not isolated to one region, and now is the time for citizens to unite, speak up against the prevailing hardships, and demand the social justice they rightfully desire,’’ he counselled.

While calling on the Federal Government to address the current economic challenges, Mamedu encouraged the citizens to conduct peaceful and purposeful protests.

“However, we encourage peaceful and purposeful protests during these trying times and ActionAid joins its voice with other Nigerians to call on the Federal Government to listen attentively to the voices of the people and take decisive actions to address the root causes of the economic challenges. Indeed, enough is enough,” he stated.

Punch

There was heavy traffic gridlock in some parts of Lagos on Monday as motorists formed long queues outside the forecourts of filling stations on what appeared may herald a fresh scarcity of Premium Motor Spirit.

One of our correspondents observed along the Ikorodu Road axis how motorists endured an unusually heavy gridlock due to a long queue of motorists waiting to buy petrol at filling stations. Also, the Total Filling station at the Mobolaji Bank Anthony Way had queues which led to heavy tariff around the Ikeja axis.

Our correspondent also noticed that many of the filling stations along the Ikeja axis, through Obafemi Awolowo Road in Ikeja were shut.

Meanwhile, some motorists had begun to hike the prices of their fares due to the development.

A commercial transport operator plying the Unilag-Jibowu axis in Yaba told our correspondents that he was forced to hike his fees after waiting for hours to buy fuel.

The commercial transport operator, who refused to disclose his name said, “Do you know how long it took me to buy fuel today? Anybody who doesn’t want to enter should stay out.”

Our correspondent also observed that all the filling stations along Ogunnusi Road inbound Berger did not also sell petrol to customers.

It is not immediately clear why fuel queues have resurfaced in Lagos.

Meanwhile, our correspondents gathered that the queues were noticeable in major filling stations considered to be selling at lower rates.

It was gathered that a number of filling stations owned by the Nigerian National Petroleum Company along the Lagos-Ibadan Expressway did not dispense fuel too.

National Vice Chairman of the Independent Petroleum Marketers Association of Nigeria, Hammed Fashola, said he was aware of the queues in some filling stations in Lagos.

However, Fashola said the queues might be due to panic-buying on the part of customers.

“I am not in Lagos as we speak. But I heard about it too that there are queues in Lagos. It may just be panic buying. I am not sure there is fuel scarcity. People are just panicking. However, I will find out what the problem is,” Fashola said.

Punch

National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control (NAFDAC) says over 50 percent of certificates of pharmaceutical products (CPP) of medicines imported into Nigeria are fake.

A certificate of a pharmaceutical product is a document issued in a format recommended by the World Health Organisation (WHO) that establishes the status of the product in the exporting country.

Speaking on Monday at a stakeholders’ engagement meeting with regulators, policymakers, and law enforcement agencies in Abuja, Mojisola Adeyeye, NAFDAC director-general (DG), said sending a CPP out to another country gives assurance on the quality of the product.

But the NAFDAC DG noted that most certificates of pharmaceutical products imported into Nigeria are fake.

“We have a scheme where before medicines that were approved leave that part of the world, we do pre-shipment testing, and that comes with CPP to assure us of quality, but that is not the case, because through our scheme we have been able to stop over 140 products that were approved for coming in,” she said.

“We found out that more than 50 percent of the CPPs that come into our country are fake. Part of those responsible is our people that go to China or India and we are going to deal with it.

“We are very stringent than ever and there is no cutting of corners, we have blacklisted many companies, we have sanctioned them because we want people to respect our people.”

She said trade is a mutual agreement adding that if that agreement is harming one party to the deal, it would be stopped.

“If a company is suspected to be compromising, in two hours we will be there, and we will shut the company down,” she said.

The Cable

At least 13 passengers have been abducted by gunmen in Kogi state.

The passengers, who were said to have been travelling from the south-east to Abuja, were kidnapped in Inyele Eteke, Olalamaboro LGA, on Saturday.

The gunmen reportedly hijacked the vehicles before abducting the occupants.

William Aya, police spokesperson in Kogi, confirmed the development to our correspondent Monday night.

Aya said the incident involved a GIGM bus carrying 12 passengers and a vehicle owned by ABC Transport with two occupants.

The police spokesperson said the driver of the GIGM bus has been rescued by security operatives.

“Efforts are on to ensure that others are rescued,” he said.

There has been an uptick in kidnapping for ransom, and killings orchestrated by gunmen across Nigeria in recent times.

Last week, gunmen abducted schoolchildren from their school bus in Ekiti.

They were rescued on Sunday Morning after spending six days in captivity.

Gunmen also killed traditional rulers in Ekiti and Kwara states in about two weeks ago.

Bandits have also been raiding and abducting residents of Abuja, Nigeria’s capital city in recent times.

Authorities and security agencies have been struggling to contain the surge in attacks and abductions by bandits in border towns of Abuja.

The Cable

Blinken returns to Mideast in push for hostage deal and postwar plan for Gaza, but obstacles loom

U.S. Secretary of State Antony Blinken met with Saudi Arabia’s crown prince Monday at the start of his fifth visit to the Middle East since the outbreak of the war in Gaza, hoping to press ahead with a potential cease-fire deal and postwar planning while tamping down regional tensions.

But on all three fronts he faces major challenges: Hamas and Israel are publicly at odds over key elements of a potential truce. Israel has dismissed U.S. calls for a path to a Palestinian state, and Iran’s militant allies in the region have shown little sign of being deterred by U.S. strikes.

In Gaza, meanwhile, Hamas has begun to re-emerge in some of the most devastated areas after Israeli forces pulled back, an indication that Israel’s central goal of crushing the group remains elusive. Video footage from the same areas shows vast destruction, with nearly every building damaged or destroyed.

Israeli Defense Minister Yoav Gallant said the military would continue to conduct operations in northern Gaza for many months and press ahead with its main offensive in the south, where it has been locked in heavy fighting for weeks, until it has “full reign” over the entire territory.

He said the offensive will eventually reach the town of Rafah, on the Egyptian border, where some 1.5 million displaced Palestinians have sought refuge. Egypt has said an Israeli deployment along the border would threaten the peace treaty the two countries signed over four decades ago.

Blinken met with Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman shortly after arriving in the Saudi capital, Riyadh. Saudi officials have said the kingdom is still interested in normalizing relations with Israel in a potentially historic deal, but only if there is a credible plan to create a Palestinian state.

Blinken “underscored the importance of addressing humanitarian needs in Gaza and preventing further spread of the conflict,” and he and the crown prince discussed “the importance of building a more integrated and prosperous region,” the State Department said in a statement.

But any such grand bargain appears a long way off as the war still rages in Gaza, where 113 bodies were brought to hospitals in the last 24 hours alone, according to the Health Ministry in the Hamas-ruled territory. Another 205 people were wounded, the agency said.

The fatalities bring the overall Palestinian death toll from nearly four months of war to 27,478. The ministry does not distinguish between civilians and combatants in its count but says most of the dead have been women and children.

The war has leveled vast swaths of the tiny enclave, displaced 85% of its population of 2.3 million Palestinians and pushed a quarter of residents to starvation.

HAMAS RETURNS TO WAR-BATTERED STREETS

A video circulating online Monday showed masked gunmen leading a line of shirtless detainees past bombed-out buildings in northern Gaza, forcing them to shout out that they are thieves. The Associated Press was not able to independently confirm the incident, but it is consistent with AP reporting.

It was the latest sign that Hamas, which has ruled Gaza since seizing power from rival Palestinian forces in 2007, is reasserting control in parts of the north. Residents say Hamas-led security forces, which numbered in the tens of thousands before the war, have begun to reappear in some areas where they focus on distributing civil salaries and cracking down on looters.

The Israeli military says it has launched targeted operations in northern Gaza over the last week to prevent Hamas from rebuilding its capabilities.

Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu has vowed to continue the war until Israel crushes Hamas’ military and governing abilities and wins the return of the 100-plus hostages still held by the militant group after the Oct. 7 cross-border raid that ignited the war.

Hamas and other militants killed some 1,200 people, mostly civilians, in the attack and abducted around 250. More than 100 captives, mostly women and children, were released during a weeklong cease-fire in November in exchange for the release of 240 Palestinians imprisoned by Israel.

Meeting with troops on Monday, Netanyahu said Israel had defeated 18 of Hamas’ 24 battalions, without providing evidence. “We are on the way to absolute victory, and I want to tell you that we are committed to it and we will not give it up.”

CEASE-FIRE TALKS ADVANCE, BUT GAPS REMAIN

The United States, Qatar and Egypt have drawn up a proposal for a cease-fire of several weeks and the phased release of the remainder of the hostages.

But Hamas, which has yet to publicly respond to the proposal, has said it won’t release any more captives until Israel ends its offensive. The militants are expected to demand the release of thousands of Palestinian prisoners in return — demands Netanyahu has publicly ruled out.

The war has ignited tensions across the region, with a flurry of strikes and counterstrikes raising the risk of a wider conflict.

Israel and Lebanon’s powerful Hezbollah militant group trade fire across the border on a daily basis, and in recent weeks apparent Israeli strikes have killed senior Hezbollah commanders.

A drone attack launched by Iran-backed militants killed three U.S. soldiers near the Jordan-Syria border last week, prompting a wave of retaliatory U.S. strikes. The United States and Britain have also carried out strikes on the Iran-backed Houthi rebels in Yemen in response to their attacks on international shipping in the Red Sea, which the rebels portray as a blockade of Israel.

AP

WESTERN PERSPECTIVE

Some Ukrainian soldiers express unease over possible dismissal of army chief

As Ukraine's president looks poised to fire the head of his armed forces, some soldiers fighting Russia's latest onslaught on the eastern front are sceptical, but say that much will depend on who he might be replaced by.

President Volodymyr Zelenskiy said in an interview published on Sunday that he is considering replacing armed forces Commander-in-Chief Valeriy Zaluzhnyi as part of a broader wartime shake-up of the top brass.

Zaluzhnyi is viewed as a hero by most Ukrainians, with the memories of the stunning underdog victories against Russia in 2022 outweighing the failure of last year's counter-offensive in the minds of many.

"I think this dismissal would not be appropriate now, because on the field of battle you do not change commanders," said a 31-year-old anti-tank unit commander who asked to be introduced by his call sign, Tiger.

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Tiger's brigade, the 59th, are fighting on a section of the front in the eastern Donetsk region near Avdiivka, a town built around a vast coking plant which has borne the brunt of Russia's second winter assault.

The soldier, choosing his words carefully and speaking in the basement of a house where he was resting between frontline rotations, said a lot depended on who would replace him.

"The most popular (commanders) are those who are here, and who fight alongside the lads, who sit in the trenches," he said.

He added that whoever was in charge should ensure the arrival of fresh replacement troops and a larger supply of drones - both things that Zaluzhnyi has pushed for.

The importance of the identity of the next commander was echoed by 33-year-old company commander Ihor.

"Before you fire someone from their post, especially such an important one, you need to be sure who will replace this person and what their vision is for the future of this situation," he said.

"If our government wants to change someone, these changes should only make things better, and not worse."

A December 2023 poll by the Kyiv International Institute of Sociology found 72% of Ukrainians would view the dismissal of Zaluzhnyi negatively, with only 2% seeing it positively.

The soldiers who spoke to Reuters were cautious not to express strident opinions in a row that pits their commander-in-chief against a president who heads the armed forces.

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But Mykola, a 59-year-old who commands a GRAD rocket launcher truck, said he thought Zaluzhnyi had been sucked into a political dispute.

"Everyone thinks we had some successes in 2022... But in 2023 (not as much). That doesn't mean that Zaluzhnyi was managing the armed forces badly," he said.

MOBILISATION WORRIES

Longstanding friction between Zelenskiy and Zaluzhnyi over the conduct of the war has come to a head over the issue of mobilisation.

Zelenskiy has said the military wants to recruit up to 500,000 men in 2024, something a source said the president opposes, although his government has submitted a draft law to parliament tightening up military recruitment.

The soldiers in Donetsk region, many of whom volunteered not expecting to be still fighting after two years of full-scale war, said they did not want to shoulder the entire burden of the conflict.

"The mobilisation is necessary, because we don't have enough people, the enemy has a great advantage over us in the number of soldiers," Ihor said.

Tiger estimated 60-70% of the original 59th brigade were still serving, and it had not been able to fill all the gaps left by those killed, injured or signed off for other reasons.

Mykola, the 59-year-old, said he would go home when he turned 60 in line with the current rules. He said he felt for younger soldiers who didn't have that option.

"Everyone has to understand that the entire country of Ukraine is at war, not just those who have been fighting for the last two years."

RUSSIAN PERSPECTIVE

Russian drone production soaring – deputy PM

Russia expects to see a major increase in drones supplied to its military this year, Deputy Prime Minister Denis Manturov said in an interview with the TV channel Russia 24 on the sidelines of the second World Defense Show that kicked off in Riyadh on Sunday.

According to Manturov, who also serves as the trade and industry minister, Russia is planning to allocate 100 billion rubles ($1.1 billion) for the research, development, and production of drones in the next three years. 

“First of all, of course, there will be more drones. Our armed forces are actively using them in many areas. The range of products is very wide, from heavy unmanned aerial vehicles [UAVs] to first-person view [FPV] drones,” the official said.

He specified that the plan entails producing hundreds of thousands of FPV drones and dozens of heavy UAVs.

“This is one of the important areas where we will be working together with the Defense Ministry, and our industrial enterprises are expected to build up both competencies and production volumes,” Manturov said.

He stressed that communication equipment ensuring tactical interaction in the field would be produced in greater amounts, while production of heavy and light armored vehicles, air-defense systems and equipment for counter-battery warfare will see an expansion as well.

The use of drones has become a critical part of combat operations in the Russia-Ukraine conflict. Although the technology has been used extensively on twenty-first-century battlefields, the current conflict has produced innovations in autonomous warfare never seen before, military experts highlight.

Reuters/RT

The shock of the new, in political life, often sends us back to the past in search of an intellectual compass. Amid the rise of Donald Trump, Viktor Orban, Jair Bolsanaro and other authoritarian leaders, Hannah Arendt’s “The Origins of Totalitarianism,” published in 1951, enjoyed a surge of attention, and Arendt herself acquired a prophet-like status among liberals seeking to understand how their world had gone so wrong. The threat of illiberal nationalism hasn’t faded — on the contrary — but in an age consumed with racism, police violence and the legacy of European colonialism in the Middle East and Africa, Arendt’s popularity is increasingly rivaled by that of a man she both sharply criticized and grudgingly admired: Frantz Fanon.

Fanon, a psychiatrist, writer, and anticolonial militant, who grew up in a middle-class Black family in French colonial Martinique, was not merely a thinker; he was a political theoretician, a fiery spokesman for Algeria’s independence movement, the National Liberation Front (F.L.N.), which he joined while working as a psychiatrist in Blida, on the outskirts of Algiers. He captured, as no other writer of his time did, the fury engendered by colonial humiliation in the hearts of the colonized. He was also a startlingly prescient analyst of contemporary ills — the enduring psychological injuries of racism and oppression, the persistent force of white nationalism and the scourge of autocratic, predatory postcolonial regimes.

Fanon wrote at the height of the Cold War, but, with no less prescience, he regarded the East-West struggle as a passing sideshow, of far less consequence than the divisions between North and South, of the rich world and the poor world. If the colonial world was, in his words, “a world cut in two,” our postcolonial world seems scarcely less so. Just consider the starkly different responses to the wars in Ukraine and Gaza — or South Africa’s case against Israel, on the charge of genocide — in the global north and the global south.

Much of the writing Fanon produced in his short lifetime — he died at 36, of leukemia — was in the form either of psychiatric studies or propaganda dashed off for the purpose of revolutionary instruction. It gives off the heat of battles that haven’t ended, battles over colonialism and racial injustice. Not surprisingly, Fanon’s name has been invoked in discussions of everything from the precariousness of Black lives to the campaign to repatriate African art objects, from the refugee crisis to Hamas’s murderous attack on Oct. 7. It’s not as if his work ever vanished. But it hasn’t been cited with such frequency or urgency since the late 1960s, when the Black Panthers, Palestinian guerrillas and Latin American revolutionaries pored over copies of “The Wretched of the Earth,” Fanon’s 1961 anticolonial manifesto.

Back then, Fanon was a minor celebrity on the radical left. Today he is an icon, enlisted on behalf of a range of often wildly contradictory agendas: Black nationalist and cosmopolitan, secular and Islamist, identitarian and anti-identitarian. He’s the subject of two forthcoming biopics, and “The Wretched of the Earth” even shows up as a prop in an episode of “The White Lotus.” Left-wing artists, academics, activists and therapists hungrily rummage through his writings for catchphrases (and there are many) about the psychological effects of white domination, racist misrepresentations of the Black body, the meaning of the Muslim head scarf, the anger of the colonized and the exhibitionist violence of imperial powers. But the far right has also had a longstanding fascination with his work: both the writer Renaud Camus and the French politician Éric Zemmour, proponents of the racist Great Replacement theory, are readers of Fanon.

After the murder of George Floyd, protesters held up banners quoting Fanon’s observation in “Black Skin, White Masks,” a study of racism published in 1952 when he was 27 years old, that the oppressed revolt when they can no longer breathe. Since Oct. 7, he has been celebrated by pro-Palestinian students — and denounced by their critics — for his defense of violence by the colonized in the first chapter of “The Wretched of the Earth.” What Fanon’s contemporary admirers and detractors have in common is that many, if not most, of them appear not to have read past the first chapter, portraying this complex and challenging thinker as little more than a supporter of revolutionary violence by any means necessary — a Malcolm X for the French-speaking world. Or, more precisely, the caricature to which Malcolm X, like so many Black revolutionaries, has been reduced.

New York Times

Sometimes, the signs that someone is smart are easily recognizable. Other giveaways are more subtle.

The top one: being a good listener, says New York-based psychotherapist and career coach Jenny Maenpaa.

People who “are able to perceive an interaction holistically, rather than just being in the moment and responding to the last thing you said with the first thing they thought of” are usually highly intelligent, Maenpaa tells CNBC Make It.

This skill is also known as active listening, and it requires more than just sitting in silence while someone speaks.

“Active listening is when someone can listen to you at length, truly taking in what you’re saying, and not interrupt,” Maenpaa says. “Active listeners respond with questions because they are genuinely curious about what you’re saying. They can hold their questions in their mind until you finish instead of interrupting to clarify or to share a thought they had just because you reminded them of it.”

Successful people can use this skill to foster relationships and build trustand with colleagues, bosses, mentors or anyone else around them. Many professionals believe that they’re active listeners, but 70% of them actually exhibit poor listening habits in the workplace, resulting in misunderstandings and damaged friendships, according to a 2020 University of Southern California report.

Some people are “naturally gifted with [active listening skills] from an early age, and often receive feedback like, ‘You’re so easy to talk to!’ or ‘I feel like I’m the only person in the room when we talk,’” says Maenpaa.

Others can develop the ability through practice. Maintain eye contact with your conversation partners, sit still instead of fidgeting, and wait for people to finish their thoughts before speaking, psychologist and mental health coach Amanda O’Bryan recommended in a 2022 Positive Psychology blog post.

Internalizing what the other person is saying, rather than focusing exclusively on your own thoughts, can also help.

“Active listeners will be able to circle back to an earlier point in the conversation and say, ‘What you just said reminds me of something you said a few minutes ago,’ and make connections or draw themes from the conversation,” Maenpaa says.

The skill can help you create long-lasting connections with the people around you, she adds: “Talking to someone who is an active listener will often have someone leaving the conversation feeling seen, heard, and validated from their interaction.”

CNBC